Hiatal hernias, a common condition affecting millions, occur when the upper part of the stomach pushes upward through the diaphragm. While many people experience no symptoms (studies show that only about 9% do!), others may suffer from heartburn, acid reflux, and other discomfort. In fact, GERD is the typical presentation leading to an evaluation for a hiatal hernia.
This comprehensive guide will delve into the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for hiatal hernias, empowering you to take control of your health.
What is a hiatal hernia?
A hiatal hernia is a condition that occurs when the upper part of the stomach pushes up into the chest through a small opening in the diaphragm, making it easier for acid and other contents to back up (reflux or regurgitate) into the esophagus.
There are four types of hiatal hernias.
- Most hiatal hernias are called type I or “sliding hernias,” where the stomach intermittently slides up into the chest through a small opening in the diaphragm. Sliding hernias are very common, and most don’t require surgery.
- Types II, III and IV hiatal hernias are called paraesophageal hernias. They occur when a portion of the stomach pushes up into the chest adjacent to the esophagus. Types II, III and IV hiatal hernias are differentiated by the location of the gastroesophageal junction (the place where the esophagus and stomach meet). Surgical repair of these hernias should be considered when they cause symptoms (see below).
What are the symptoms of a hiatal hernia?
In many cases, a hiatal hernia has no symptoms. For those who do have symptoms, those may include:
- Burping
- Feeling nauseous
- Vomiting
- Backflow (reflux) of acid or stomach contents into the esophagus or throat
- Heartburn
- Regurgitation
- Trouble swallowing
Paraesophageal hernias may have more severe symptoms. These can include:
- Having trouble swallowing sometimes, most often with solid foods
- Feeling full after eating only a small amount of food
- Belly (abdominal) or chest pain
- Abdominal bleeding
- Blood loss (anemia)
What causes a hiatal hernia?
The exact cause of hiatal hernias is often unknown. However, several factors may contribute to their development, including:
- Aging
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
- Heavy lifting or straining
- Chronic coughing or sneezing
How are hiatal hernias diagnosed?
Because hiatal hernias cannot be routinely diagnosed during a physical exam, diagnostics commonly used include: a chest X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan, upper endoscopy or barium swallow (a test that captures images after the patient has taken barium, an element that helps with X-ray imaging).
How are hiatal hernias treated?
Depending on your age and the severity of your symptoms, your doctor may recommend a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery to treat your hiatal hernia. If you experience heartburn and acid reflux, your healthcare professional may recommend:
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Natural Reflux Therapy: For those looking for a natural way to curb symptoms associated with hiatal hernias, RefluxRaft is an excellent option. Formulated with Alginate, a natural extract form kelp, RefluxRaft thickens and forms a “raft,” physically blocking the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus. Our unique formula goes beyond standard Alginate Therapy—Each product is enhanced with other natural ingredients for additional digestive health benefits. Explore our all-day and nighttime relief options here.
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Antacids that neutralize stomach acid. Antacids may provide quick relief but overuse of certain antacids can cause side effects like diarrhea or sometimes kidney problems.
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Medicines to reduce acid production. H2 blockers (also known as histamine type 2 receptor antagonists) act on cells that line the stomach to reduce acid production
- Medicines that block acid production and heal the esophagus. Proton pump inhibitors are stronger acid blockers than H2 blockers and allow time for damaged esophageal tissue to heal.
Living with a hiatal hernia doesn't have to be a constant struggle. By understanding the condition, its symptoms, and the available treatment options, you can take proactive steps to manage your discomfort and improve your quality of life. Whether through lifestyle adjustments, medications, or natural remedies like RefluxRaft, there are effective strategies to alleviate the symptoms of hiatal hernias. Remember, seeking medical advice and exploring all available options is key to finding the best solution for your individual needs.
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The statements in this blog have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.This information is for educational and informational purposes only and solely as a self-help tool. We are not providing medical, psychological, or nutrition therapy advice. You should not use this information to diagnose or treat any health problems or illnesses without consulting your medical practitioner. Always seek the advice of your medical practitioner and/or mental health provider about your specific health situation.